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State Profile:
Madhya Pradesh is located in the heart of India. It is well connected by air, rail and road. All important roads and rail lines from North to South and from East to West pass through the State. This includes national highways and some of the busiest railway lines. Major container facility is available in the State at Indore. The most easily accessible seaports are Kandla and Mumbai on the western coast and Vishakhapatnam on the eastern coast. Administratively, the State is divided into 10 divisions covering 50 districts spread over 318 tehsils, 313 blocks and 55393 villages. There are 14 Municipal Corporations and 86 Municipalities and 236 Nagar Panchayats. It is one amongst the first Indian States to implement the three tier Panchayat Raj System in the country and has 50 Zila Panchayats, 313 Janpad Panchayats and 23040 village panchayats having their own elected representatives with 33% reservation for women.
The State has a geographical area of 308.14 lakh ha. It is second largest Indian State in size covering more than 9% of the total Geographical area of the country. Over 94.69 lakh ha area in the State is under forest constituting about 30.73% of its Geographical area. Agro-climatically, the State falls in Zone-VII (Eastern Plateau and Hills Zone), Zone-VIII (Central Plateau and Hills Zone) and Zone-IX (Western Plateau and Hills Zone) and is sub-divided into 11 sub agro-climatic zones. These regions are endowed with the best soils. The major types of soil in the regions are alluvial in the north, medium and deep black soils in the west and central regions, mixed red and black soils in the east and north eastern regions and shallow and medium black soils in the southern region of the State.The average rainfall in the State is 1089.3 mm with over 94% precipitation during July-October, the peak being in September. Heavy precipitation in a short span of three months results in heavy surface run-off, thus, depriving sufficient water supply for irrigation and domestic purposes for the remaining months. Most of the surface water in the State provides protective irrigation during kharif season and subsequently, little irrigation is available during rabi and summer seasons. This explains low cropping intensity in the State.
Madhya Pradesh is amongst the less populated States of the country with a population density of 196 per sq. km as compared to 324 per sq. km for the country as a whole. The total population of the State as per Census 2001 is 603.48 lakh. Out of the total population, 443.81 lakh reside in rural area (74%) and 159.67 lakh reside in urban area (26%). The total population comprises of 314.49 lakh male (52%) and 289.04 lakh of female (48%). Thus, the sex ratio (females per thousand males) works out to 919 which is lower than all India average of 933. The rate of growth of population in the State during last decade (1991-2001) was 24.3% as compared to the national average of 21.5%.
Madhya Pradesh has a sizeable scheduled tribe population. According to census 2001, the total population of MP is 603.48 lakh of which the tribal population constitutes about 122.33 lakh which is 20.3% of the total population. There are 30 districts in the state which have a share of ST population higher than the national average. It has wide variety of tribal communities. There are 46 recognized Scheduled Tribes and three of them viz. Bharia, Saheria, and Baigas have been identified as "Special Primitive Tribal Groups" in the State. The main tribal groups in Madhya Pradesh are Gond, Bhil, Baiga, Korku, Bhadia, Halba, Kaul, Mariya, and Sahariya. Dhar, Jhabua and Mandla districts have more than 50 percent tribal population. In Khargone, Chhindwara, Seoni, Sidhi and Shahdol districts 30 to 50 percent population is of tribes. Maximum population is that of Gond tribes. As per the revised norms of GOI, for below poverty line (BPL) survey, the percentage of BPL population in MP was 37.06% in rural areas and 38.44% in urban areas (2000-01). In rural areas out of 83.51 lakh families, 30.94 lakh families were identified as BPL families. Poverty alleviation is most important agenda of the State Govt. The draft paper to the eleventh Plan proposes to bridge the gap between the poverty ratio of the State and national average. Of the total 258 lakh workers as per 2001 Census, 74% are main workers (those who work gainfully for more than 183 days in a year) and 26% are marginal workers. Work participation in the State is 42.7%, of which that for women is 37.2% which is much higher than all India average of 31.6%. of the total workforce, 71.5% is dependent on agriculture {cultivators (42.8%) and agricultural labourers (28.7%) }
During the year 2007-08, the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) has increased by 5.25% over last year (base prise - 1999-2000). Primary sector which covers agriculture, animal husbandry, forest produce, fisheries, mining, etc. contributed 22.45% in the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) during 2007-08. Agriculture and allied activities continued to be the mainstay of the State’s economy with about 74% of the total population dependent on it for their livelihood, although share of primary sector in the total GSDP has declined over the years from 29.75% in 1990-00 to 22.45% in 2007-08. The State is lagging behind in infrastructure development. The infrastructure index for the State was 75 benchmarked against 100 for all India. On Human Development Index (combined Rural and Urban for the year 2001) Madhya Pradesh ranked 12th among all Indian States. The State was lagging behind the all India average in respect of many basic and social infrastructure indicators such as road density per 100 sq. km., irrigated area to net cropped area, number of telephone lines per hundred population, child mortality rates, no of primary health centres/ hospitals, etc. The national average for all types of road network is 81.22 km/100 sq. km., whereas in M.P. it is only 53.68 km/100 sq. kms. The per capita income during 2007-08 (QE) at current prices in Madhya Pradesh was Rs. 18051 as against all India average of Rs 33228. Thus, MP can be classified as a low income State in the company with Bihar, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. MP has extensive mineral and forest resources, rich and fertile soil and reasonably abundant water resources. But it is an industrially backward State. Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore, Katni and Jabalpur districts lead in industrialisation in the State. There are over 26 industrial development centres and more then 575 heavy and medium industries in the state. There are 4.54 lakh small scale industrial units in the state. MP ranks first in cement production in India.
Average size of the land holding in the State is 2.22 ha. (all India 1.57ha.) Small/Marginal farmers hold 65% (all India 75%) of total land holdings but operate only 26% of area. Disparities in land holdings is further brought about by the fact that medium and large farmers own 35% of holdings and operate 74% of area.
The gross irrigated area of the State has increased from 65.43 lakh ha in 2006-07 to 65.67 lakh ha in 2007-08 witnessing 0.37% growth. The net irrigated area also witnessed 0.83% growth as it increased from 63.65 lakh ha in 2006-07 to 64.18 lakh ha in 2007-08. Net irrigated area constituted 43.39% of the net sown area (147.90 lakh ha) during 2007-08. About 66% of the irrigation in the State is through groundwater resources. As far as area already brought under cultivation is concerned, bulk of area is still rainfed and irrigation potential in the State is still underutilised.
The power position in the State is not better than in most of the other States of the country. The power capacity available as on 31.03.09 was 9658.45 megawatt as compared to 9458.08 megawatt as on 31.03.08. The share of thermal power with 2857.50 megawatt is maximum in total power capacity of the state followed by capacity of Narmada Power Project with 2356.50 megawatt. During the year 2007-08, 36071 million units of electricity was produced and 31.68% electricity was used for Agricultural purposes. As per new norms, the extent of rural electrification is around 64% in the State.
Nine major perennial rivers of the State namely Mahi, Narmada, Tapti, Chambal, Betwa, Sone, Wainganga, Ken, Pench originate in MP and flow to the five bordering States. The estimated annual surface and groundwater run-off is about 116 lakh ham. Out of this, the water available for use is around 81.5 ham in MP. The State has so far developed irrigation potential of 25.74 lakh ha, which is 17.40% of net sown area.
MP is one of the eight mineral rich states of country. The state used to provide a large spectrum of mineral resources right from the minerals of key sectors (Lime stone, dolomite, bauxite) and energy sector (Coal) to diamonds and gem stones. Coal is the largest available mineral resource in the State. Phosphorite deposits are available in Chhatarpur, Sagar and Jhabua districts in MP. Besides diamond bearing areas are Panna belt in the State.
Agriculture in the state is still traditional, it is mostly rainfed along with the impeding factors of soil erosion due to rolling topography, practice of keeping land fallow during kharif and taking only one crop in rabi, existence of large area of cultivable waste land, high portion of low value crop with low productivity etc. Agriculture faces uncertainties caused by fluctuations in rainfall, flood, droughts and other natural calamities. Such uncertainties are particularly severe in the rainfed areas. Rainfed area constitutes about 70% of the total cultivated area of the State.
Banking Network:
The State has wide network of banks. There are 39 Commercial Banks (CBs) in public and private sectors, 08 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) ,1 State Cooperative Bank (MPSCB), 38 District Central Cooperative Banks (DCCBs), 1 State Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank (MPSCARDB) and 38 District Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Banks (DCARDBs) operating in Madhya Pradesh as on 31 March 2009. The CBs together have a network of 2857 branches in the State. The area of operation of 08 RRBs covers the entire State through a network of 1074 branches. The SCB and 38 DCCBs together have 854 branches in the State with 4526 Primary Agriculture Credit Societies (PACS) affiliated to them. The MPSCARDB with 38 DCARDBs operate in all the 50 districts through their 373 branches. Of the total 5158 bank branches in the State, 2429 branches (47%) are rural branches. The CBs and RRBs account for 55% and 21% respectively of the total branch network in the State. The aggregate deposits of all banks in the State stood at Rs. 108366.17 crore as on 31 March 2009 as compared to Rs. 89604.37 crore as on 31 March 2008, recording a growth of 21%. The share of Commercial banks, RRBs and Cooperatives in total deposit was Rs. 91855.39 crore (85%), Rs. 8087.17 crore (7.5%) and Rs. 8423.61 crore (7.8%) respectively. The growth rate of deposits of the CBs (22%) has been better than that of the RRBs (21%) and the Cooperatives (9%). The average per branch deposit of CBs as on 31 March 2009 was Rs. 32.15 crore as compared to Rs. 6.86 crore for DCCBs and Rs. 7.53 crore for RRBs. The area wise composition of deposits indicates that 12.6% of the total deposits was contributed by rural areas, where as 27% by semi-urban areas and 60.4% by urban areas.The total loans outstanding as on 31 March 2009 for all agencies together was Rs. 67974.85 crore as against Rs. 60057.93 crore as on 31 March 2008 registering an increase of 13.2% during the year.
The agriculture credit provided by Co-operative banks, Commercial Banks (CBs) and RRBs increased from Rs. 10612.38 crore during 2007-08 to Rs. 12074.39 crore during 2008-09 indicating a growth of 13.77%. The CBs recorded maximum growth of 33.89% during the year followed by RRBs at 2.39%. However, the Cooperative Banks both ST and LT had shown negative growth of (-)22.83% and (-) 1.30% respectively. The share of CBs in total agriculture loans issued during 2008-09 was maximum at 63.58% followed by the Cooperative Banks who had a share of 21.46% and RRBs with 14.31%. The agriculture loan disbursement in the State has increased during the last couple of years.
The combined CD ratio of all agencies (CBs, RRBs and DCCBs) as on 31 March 2009 remained at 62%. The deposits and advances of SCARDBs/ DCARDBs have been excluded while arriving at the combined CD ratio.However, CD Ratio of 8 districts viz. Dindori, Shahdol, Annupur, Umaria, Rewa, Sidhi, Jhabua and Mandla was found below 40%. The recovery of DCCBs had improved during 2008-09. The recovery of DCCBs was 65.22 % as on 30 June 2009. During the corresponding period last year, recovery of DCCBs was 48.53%. The income recognition, asset classification and provisioning norms have been made applicable to all banks to make their financial position more transparent. These changes have had their impact on the financial position and working results of these banks calling for more efficient management of their assets. Therefore, it would be advisable that while formulating recovery strategy, recovery of chronic dues of the banks should be given top priority. The mechanism for regular monitoring and supervision of the loan accounts should also be strengthened at the bank level. Banks would have to pursue measures for recovery of the chronic overdues with active support from State Government.
There are approximately 200 Non Government Organisations (NGOs) working in Madhya Pradesh. These are directly or indirectly involved in the field of SHG formation. However, presence of NGOs is not uniform across the districts. So far, 102 NGOs have been sanctioned grant assistance of Rs. 328.63 lakh for promotion and credit linkage of 14440 SHGs respectively, in 33 districts of MP. Apart from promotional grants, NABARD is also extending support to NGOs who have adequate experience in formation, nurturing, credit linking of SHGs for skill upgradation of SHGs and trainers training to Government officials to take up training activity in a planned manner.
Minority Concentration District
Bhopal district has been identified as minority concentrated district in Madhya Pradesh (RBI circular No. RPCD/SP.BC.12/09.10.01/2007-08 dtd. 05.07.2007). NABARD has sanctioned one Skill Development Programme in Bhopal during the year 2009-10 for providing training to youth in computer hardware repairing and networking. NABARD has sanctioned 14 REDPs to RUDSETI in Bhopal for the year 2009-10. Revival Package under the STCCS
§ The GoI Revival Package for STCCS is being implemented in the state as per the MOU executed by the State Government with the GoI and NABARD on 07 November 2006 for a period of 3 years.
§ The State Level Implementation Committee (SLIC) has approved the Recapitalization assistance for 4520 PACS aggregating Rs 1814.69 cr comprising GOI Share of Rs 1501.90 cr, State Govt share & PACS share of Rs 113.88 cr & Rs 198.91 respectively.
§ Total assistance of Rs 1055.02 cr consisting of GOI assistance of Rs 985.10 cr & State Govt assistance of Rs 69.92 cr has been released for 3134 PACS comprising of 2371 ‘A’ category & 763 ‘B’ & ‘C’ category PACS.
§ Special Audits of all the DCCBs-* completed by departmental Auditors and further certified by Chartered Accountants as required under the package, have been recommended by DLIC/SLIC. GOI assistance of Rs 146.34 cr & State Govt assistance of Rs 44.16 cr has been approved by SLIC for 37 DCCBs. The Recapitalization assistance of the remaining one DCCBs is being put up in forthcoming SLIC meeting for approval.
§ Apex Bank Training College, Bhopal was appointed as the Nodal Agency for conducting Training Programmes for the functionaries of STCCS. Capacity Building Training Programmes for 8032 Board members and 7522 PACS functionaries have been completed in all 38 DCCBs.
§ RCS has issued instructions to PACS as per the guidelines issued by NABARD for adoption of CAS from the year 2007-08. Training Programmes on CAS/MIS for Supervisors/ Accountants of all the 38 DCCBs and Cooperative auditors of all the districts have been conducted by NABARD RO officers. The trained DCCB officers provide hand holding support to PACS functionaries in stabilization of CAS/MIS in PACS. Total 211 officers of DCCBs/ Cooperation Departmental Auditors have been provided training.
§ As decided by the NIMC, the SLIC has recommended for adoption of software package for computerization in PACS to be supplied by NABARD.
§ There are 780 ineligible PACS in 38 DCCBs. The State Govt. has to take a decision for closure/merger of these PACS.
DCARDBs
Out of 38 DCARDBs, review of 36 DCARDBs have been done, of which 19 DCARDBs have reported to be in profit of Rs. 33.19 crore. 17 DCARDBs have reported to be in loss of Rs. 60.47 crore. 27 DCARDBs have accumulated losses of Rs. 409.88 crore.  |